U.S. Dental Price Cost Index (DPCI) Dataset & Econometric Codebook
The economic dataset powering DentalCostsCalculator.com is published as an open, public-good resource. Freely accessible to health economists, health policy analysts, investigative journalists, clinicians, and consumers under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license.
Direct Dataset Downloads
Export the standardized 50-state + D.C. econometric benchmark dataset for quantitative modeling, statistical analysis, and health policy research.
Last Recalibrated
2026-09-28
Jurisdictions
50 States + D.C.
Base Multiplier
1.0000× (U.S. Mean)
License
CC BY 4.0 Open
Econometric Summary & Statistical Distribution
Generation 2 of the Dental Price Cost Index (DPCI-2026.4: The Balanced Operatory Model) evaluates cross-sectional cost variations in outpatient restorative oral healthcare. Because dental implant hardware (medical-grade titanium fixtures, precision custom abutments, biocompatible zirconia blanks) is produced in centralized industrial facilities with uniform wholesale list prices, retail fee discrepancies across states are driven primarily by local clinical operatory rents, auxiliary labor overhead, and consumer healthcare expenditure density.
1.0000×
Re-anchored: 51-state mean is pinned exactly to 1.000000.
0.9636×
Montana represents the national median (50th percentile).
±0.125
68% of U.S. states fall between 0.88× and 1.12×.
0.5897
Range from 0.7796× (Alabama) to 1.3693× (D.C.).
Generation 2 Balanced Operatory Weighting Architecture: The DPCI model calculates each state multiplier via a four-variable balanced composite:
- BEA Regional Price Parities All Items (25% Weight): General goods, services, utilities, and regional baseline purchasing power from BEA SARPP Line 1 (All items, 2024 vintage, US = 100).
- Commercial Operatory Rent Parity (25% Weight): Clinical facility leasing, square footage real estate expenses, and practice operatory occupancy costs from BEA SARPP Line 3 (Services: Housing/Rents, 2024 vintage, US = 100).
- Clinical Auxiliary Staff Wage Blend (30% Weight): Arithmetic mean of Dental Assistants (SOC 31-9091; Anchor: $50,200) and Dental Hygienists (SOC 29-1292; Anchor: $98,990) from BLS OEWS May 2025 published data.
- Dental Demand & Utilization Index — DDUI (20% Weight): Per-capita healthcare expenditure density derived from BEA Table SAPCE2 Line 16 (Health Care per capita; National Anchor: $9,747).
National Base Restorative Procedure Ranges
Unweighted national baseline parameters (DPCI = 1.0000×) before geographic multiplier adjustments, surgical complexity factors, and prosthetic material selections. Calibrated against BLS CPI Dental Services Series CUUR0000SEMC02.
| Procedure Description | Primary CDT Codes | Low End | National Median | High End |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Single-tooth implant (All-in) | D6010, D6057, D6058 | $3,000 | $4,500 | $6,000 |
| Implant-supported denture (per arch) | D6010 (×2-4), D6111 | $8,000 | $12,000 | $16,000 |
| All-on-4 full arch (per arch) | D6010 (×4), D6114, D6051 | $18,000 | $27,000 | $36,000 |
| All-on-6 full arch (per arch) | D6010 (×6), D6114, D6051 | $24,000 | $34,500 | $45,000 |
| Full mouth reconstruction (both arches) | D6010 (×8-12), D6114 (×2) | $35,000 | $62,500 | $90,000 |
Data Dictionary & Variable Definitions
Formal technical specifications for each variable provided in the downloadable CSV and JSON distribution files:
| Variable Name | Data Type | Description & Operational Definition |
|---|---|---|
| jurisdiction | String | Full name of the U.S. state or federal district (e.g., "California", "District of Columbia"). |
| postal_code | String[2] | Standard two-letter USPS postal abbreviation and ISO 3166-2:US subdivision code. |
| dpci_final | Decimal (4dp) | Dimensionless regional cost multiplier. 1.0000 represents the unrounded 51-jurisdiction mean. Values > 1.0000 indicate above-average clinical overhead. |
| rpp_all_items | Decimal (3dp) | BEA Regional Price Parities ↗ for All items (Table SARPP Line 1, 2024 vintage, US = 100.0). Measures overall state purchasing power differences. |
| rpp_housing_rents | Decimal (3dp) | BEA Regional Price Parities for Services: Housing/Rents ↗ (Table SARPP Line 3, 2024 vintage, US = 100.0). Commercial surgical operatory facility leasing proxy. |
| da_wage_usd | Integer | BLS OEWS May 2025 ↗ annual mean wage for Dental Assistants (SOC 31-9091). National anchor = $50,200. |
| hyg_wage_usd | Integer | BLS OEWS May 2025 ↗ annual mean wage for Dental Hygienists (SOC 29-1292). National anchor = $98,990. |
| ddui_per_capita_usd | Decimal (2dp) | State per-capita personal consumption expenditures on healthcare from BEA Table SAPCE2 Line 16 (Health care) ↗. National anchor = $9,747. |
| dpci_raw | Decimal (6dp) | Unscaled four-factor composite score before deterministic re-anchoring calibration. |
| rank_2026_4 | Integer | National cost ranking from 1 (District of Columbia, 1.3693×) to 51 (Alabama, 0.7796×). |
| parity_tier | Enum (Tier 1 to 5) | Categorical classification: Tier 1 (≥1.10×), Tier 2 (1.02×–1.0999×), Tier 3 (0.98×–1.0199×), Tier 4 (0.90×–0.9799×), Tier 5 (<0.90×). |
Dental Price Cost Index (DPCI-2026.4) Econometric Codebook
51-jurisdiction economic multipliers calibrated against BLS OEWS May 2025, BEA SARPP Line 1 & Line 3 (2024), and BEA SAPCE2 2024. Re-anchored mean = 1.0000×.
| Jurisdiction | Postal | DPCI Multiplier | Baseline Variance | Overhead Parity Tier |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Washington, D.C. → | DC | 1.3693× | +36.93% | Tier 1: High Overhead |
| California → | CA | 1.2841× | +28.41% | Tier 1: High Overhead |
| Massachusetts → | MA | 1.1888× | +18.88% | Tier 1: High Overhead |
| Washington → | WA | 1.1842× | +18.42% | Tier 1: High Overhead |
| New Jersey → | NJ | 1.1727× | +17.27% | Tier 1: High Overhead |
| New York → | NY | 1.1655× | +16.55% | Tier 1: High Overhead |
| Alaska → | AK | 1.1628× | +16.28% | Tier 1: High Overhead |
| Oregon → | OR | 1.1284× | +12.84% | Tier 1: High Overhead |
| New Hampshire → | NH | 1.1259× | +12.59% | Tier 1: High Overhead |
| Connecticut → | CT | 1.1129× | +11.29% | Tier 1: High Overhead |
| Maryland → | MD | 1.1079× | +10.79% | Tier 1: High Overhead |
| Colorado → | CO | 1.1068× | +10.68% | Tier 1: High Overhead |
| Hawaii → | HI | 1.0918× | +9.18% | Tier 2: Above Baseline |
| Delaware → | DE | 1.0761× | +7.61% | Tier 2: Above Baseline |
| Minnesota → | MN | 1.0733× | +7.33% | Tier 2: Above Baseline |
| Florida → | FL | 1.0692× | +6.92% | Tier 2: Above Baseline |
| Rhode Island → | RI | 1.0443× | +4.43% | Tier 2: Above Baseline |
| Virginia → | VA | 1.0381× | +3.81% | Tier 2: Above Baseline |
| Vermont → | VT | 1.0377× | +3.77% | Tier 2: Above Baseline |
| Nevada → | NV | 1.0300× | +3.00% | Tier 2: Above Baseline |
| Arizona → | AZ | 1.0279× | +2.79% | Tier 2: Above Baseline |
| Maine → | ME | 1.0099× | +0.99% | Tier 3: National Baseline |
| Illinois → | IL | 1.0021× | +0.21% | Tier 3: National Baseline |
| North Dakota → | ND | 0.9731× | -2.69% | Tier 4: Below Baseline |
| Pennsylvania → | PA | 0.9726× | -2.74% | Tier 4: Below Baseline |
| Montana → | MT | 0.9636× | -3.64% | Tier 4: Below Baseline |
| Indiana → | IN | 0.9597× | -4.03% | Tier 4: Below Baseline |
| South Dakota → | SD | 0.9587× | -4.13% | Tier 4: Below Baseline |
| Wisconsin → | WI | 0.9575× | -4.25% | Tier 4: Below Baseline |
| Texas → | TX | 0.9513× | -4.87% | Tier 4: Below Baseline |
| Utah → | UT | 0.9466× | -5.34% | Tier 4: Below Baseline |
| Georgia → | GA | 0.9461× | -5.39% | Tier 4: Below Baseline |
| Ohio → | OH | 0.9436× | -5.64% | Tier 4: Below Baseline |
| Idaho → | ID | 0.9426× | -5.74% | Tier 4: Below Baseline |
| North Carolina → | NC | 0.9416× | -5.84% | Tier 4: Below Baseline |
| Michigan → | MI | 0.9371× | -6.29% | Tier 4: Below Baseline |
| Nebraska → | NE | 0.9225× | -7.75% | Tier 4: Below Baseline |
| Tennessee → | TN | 0.9144× | -8.56% | Tier 4: Below Baseline |
| Missouri → | MO | 0.9076× | -9.24% | Tier 4: Below Baseline |
| New Mexico → | NM | 0.8927× | -10.73% | Tier 5: High Affordability |
| South Carolina → | SC | 0.8902× | -10.98% | Tier 5: High Affordability |
| Wyoming → | WY | 0.8895× | -11.05% | Tier 5: High Affordability |
| Kentucky → | KY | 0.8804× | -11.96% | Tier 5: High Affordability |
| Oklahoma → | OK | 0.8697× | -13.03% | Tier 5: High Affordability |
| Iowa → | IA | 0.8674× | -13.26% | Tier 5: High Affordability |
| Louisiana → | LA | 0.8646× | -13.54% | Tier 5: High Affordability |
| West Virginia → | WV | 0.8630× | -13.70% | Tier 5: High Affordability |
| Kansas → | KS | 0.8567× | -14.33% | Tier 5: High Affordability |
| Arkansas → | AR | 0.8178× | -18.22% | Tier 5: High Affordability |
| Mississippi → | MS | 0.7801× | -21.99% | Tier 5: High Affordability |
| Alabama → | AL | 0.7796× | -22.04% | Tier 5: High Affordability |
Methodology Scope, Mathematical Formulation & Citations
Scope of Outpatient Private-Pay Fees: The DPCI dataset benchmarks commercial fee-for-service cash transaction ranges paid by uninsured patients or out-of-network insured patients. Public Medicaid reimbursement schedules are excluded, as state Medicaid programs generally classify adult dental implants as elective or non-essential services.
Generation 2 Mathematical Composite Formulation: For any jurisdiction i:
DPCI_raw(i) = 0.25*(RPP_all_i/100) + 0.25*(RPP_rent_i/100) + 0.30*((W_da_i/W_da_nat + W_hyg_i/W_hyg_nat)/2) + 0.20*(DDUI_i/DDUI_nat)
DPCI_final(i) = DPCI_raw(i) / 0.971175
Where W_da_nat = $50,200, W_hyg_nat = $98,990 (BLS OEWS May 2025; Kansas carried forward from May 2024 due to BLS state suppression), DDUI_nat = $9,747 (BEA SAPCE2 Health Care per capita 2024), and unscaled national mean = 0.971175.
Benchmark Validation: The resulting DPCI multiplier rankings are directionally consistent with published commercial dental fee schedules, regional claims distributions, and 80th-percentile restorative CDT data (D6010, D6057, D6058).
Primary Federal Microdata Repositories & Public Portals:
- • U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA): Regional Price Parities (Table SARPP Lines 1 & 3) ↗ and Personal Consumption Expenditures (Table SAPCE2) ↗
- • U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS): Occupational Employment & Wage Statistics (OEWS May 2025) ↗ and Consumer Price Index for Dental Services (CUUR0000SEMC02) ↗
- • American Dental Association (ADA): Code on Dental Procedures and Nomenclature (CDT 2026) ↗
- • Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ): Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS HC-256) ↗
- • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC): Oral Health Data & Surveillance Systems (NCHS) ↗
Citation Formats
APA 7th Edition:
Ayub, R. (2026). U.S. Dental Price Cost Index (DPCI) by State (Dataset Model DPCI-2026.4). DentalCostsCalculator.com. Available at https://dentalcostscalculator.com/data. CC BY 4.0.
BibTeX Entry:
@misc{ayub2026dpci,
author = {Ayub, Rehan},
title = {U.S. Dental Price Cost Index (DPCI) Dataset},
year = {2026},
version = {DPCI-2026.4},
publisher = {DentalCostsCalculator.com},
howpublished = {\url{https://dentalcostscalculator.com/data}},
note = {Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)}
}Data Inquiries & Academic Replication: For questions regarding statistical models, fee schedule corrections, or academic replication studies, contact our data team at info@dentalcostscalculator.com or reach out to founder Rehan Ayub at founder@dentalcostscalculator.com.